Análisis de los factores que posibilitan la aparición de las empresas born-global: Una investigación integral en diferentes contextos

  • Autor: Carlos Javier Prieto Sánchez
  • Director/es: Fernando Merino de Lucas
  • Defensa: 21/3/2022 - Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED)
  • Tribunal: Isabel Suárez González, Ana Martín Marcos, Antonio Aragón Sánchez
  • Calificación: Sobresaliente cum laude
  • Ver publicaciones relacionadas

Resumen

Esta tesis presenta investigaciones sobre la existencia y el crecimiento de las empresas born-global (BG), empresas que se internacionalizan desde o muy cerca de su creación, contribuyendo a la literatura existente analizando determinados factores clave que influyen en la creación de empresas BG en diversos contextos de distintas áreas geográficas. El trabajo aborda los factores determinantes que influyen en la internacionalización temprana de las empresas incluyendo factores individuales, organizativos y del entorno en el que se encuentra la empresa, así como sus interacciones entre ellos, aplicando modelos de perspectiva múltiple que abarca diversos marcos teóricos. La investigación presenta el estudio realizado en tres contextos diferentes utilizando como fuente de datos primaria el estudio Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), así como datos obtenidos del Banco Mundial y del Observatorio de la Complejidad Económica, realizándose las estimaciones a través de modelos de regresión logísticos binarios.

En primer lugar, se examina el efecto de los factores clave que influyen en la creación de empresas BG, incluyendo la innovación, el espíritu emprendedor y la motivación, así como diversos factores económicos y del entorno entre países en desarrollo y países desarrollados. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que, al examinar las empresas individuales con un enfoque multinivel, las características institucionales y económicas del país ayudan a entender mejor la realidad de las empresas BG. En segundo lugar, se analiza el efecto que determinados factores culturales y económicos esenciales tienen en la aparición de empresas BG en América Latina. Los resultados confirman que las intenciones y aspiraciones del emprendedor orientado a la exportación, junto con el crecimiento del PIB en su país de origen juegan un papel importante para lograr altas tasas de emprendimiento de orientación internacional, En tercer lugar, se examina cómo algunas características específicas de un emprendedor en España son determinantes para llevar a las empresas en una fase temprana a convertirse en BG. Los resultados del análisis realizado llevan a la conclusión de que el carácter de una BG depende tanto de las habilidades empresariales como del espíritu empresarial.

En conjunto, los resultados obtenidos avanzan en la literatura de las empresas BG al demostrar que hay diferencias en la forma en que el contexto apoya este tipo de emprendimiento, reforzando la noción de que el entorno institucional a nivel macro de un país está asociado significativamente a sus patrones empresariales y que la búsqueda de oportunidades para las empresas BG existe en el entorno en el que el emprendedor desarrolla su proyecto de negocio.

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Design/methodology/approach: The research model was tested through logistic regression techniques to a sample obtained from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data set for the period from 2007 to 2016. Findings: Empirical findings suggest that innovation, entrepreneurial spirit and motivation, as well as government policies, contribute to a company’s likelihood of becoming BG. Originality/value: Recent research has shown interest in the development of explanatory models of BG firms that allow the study of how context and institutions affect the development of international business activities. Following an integrative and a multidisciplinary approach with a temporal dimension, this study expands the literature by comparing countries with different income levels and analyzing macroeconomic aspects along with certain characteristics of the entrepreneur and the environment as possible determinants. This study provides a better understanding of the prevalence of the BG business phenomenon by paying attention to country characteristics and how they affect the traits of individuals. [post_title] => Prevalence of the born-global phenomenon in different countries: an integrated perspective [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => open [ping_status] => open [post_password] => [post_name] => prevalence-of-the-born-global-phenomenon-in-different-countries-an-integrated-perspective [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2022-04-27 10:37:24 [post_modified_gmt] => 2022-04-27 08:37:24 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => http://doctoradodecide.com/?post_type=publicaciones&p=3345 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => publicaciones [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [1] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 3317 [post_author] => 19 [post_date] => 2022-03-23 09:56:23 [post_date_gmt] => 2022-03-23 08:56:23 [post_content] => This paper examines how some key features of an entrepreneur lead early-stage firms (ESF) to become born globals (BG). Specifically, it focuses on human capital, the scope and novelty of the product and the opportunities of the business environment in the early stages of a firm. It contributes to the literature by focusing on some characteristics of the entrepreneur as a possible determinant. We apply logistic regression techniques to a sample obtained from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor for the period 2007-2014. The results reveal that the relationship with other entrepreneurs that are becoming aware of good opportunities to start a business and commitment and exploratory innovation contribute to a higher probability of being a BG. Meanwhile, some of the professional skills of the entrepreneur as well as the exploitative innovation in which it operates are not determinants for an ESF to be a BG. [post_title] => The role of entrepreneur's characteristics to be a born global firm [post_excerpt] => [post_status] => publish [comment_status] => open [ping_status] => open [post_password] => [post_name] => the-role-of-entrepreneurs-characteristics-to-be-a-born-global-firm [to_ping] => [pinged] => [post_modified] => 2022-03-24 13:10:05 [post_modified_gmt] => 2022-03-24 12:10:05 [post_content_filtered] => [post_parent] => 0 [guid] => http://doctoradodecide.com/?post_type=publicaciones&p=3317 [menu_order] => 0 [post_type] => publicaciones [post_mime_type] => [comment_count] => 0 [filter] => raw ) [2] => WP_Post Object ( [ID] => 3315 [post_author] => 19 [post_date] => 2022-03-23 09:48:21 [post_date_gmt] => 2022-03-23 08:48:21 [post_content] => Research Summary: This paper examines the effect of key cultural and economic factors on the emergence of born-global (BG) companies. Such factors include the intentions and the growth aspirations of the entrepreneur, as well as the country's characteristics in terms of its income per capita and the complexity of its economic system. The analysis also highlights how the environment affects the importance of the aspirations to be BG. Our work expands the literature on BGs in Latin America by analyzing macroeconomic aspects and specific features of the entrepreneur and the environment as possible determinants of BG character. The results reveal that the entrepreneur's intentions and aspirations, along with environmental factors and the economic growth in Latin America, contribute to a firm's probability of becoming a BG company. Managerial Summary: Firms that internationalize at an early stage of their life are known as born-global (BG) companies. We analyze the influence that the key cultural factors of a company have on the creation of BG companies. Such factors include the entrepreneur's intentions and growth aspirations, in addition to various economic and environmental factors. The findings show that individual factors, in combination with economic growth, play a more important role than those factors related to the entrepreneur's innovativeness and the level of knowledge intensity associated with a country's export basket. 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Design/methodology/approach: The research model was tested through logistic regression techniques to a sample obtained from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data set for the period from 2007 to 2016. Findings: Empirical findings suggest that innovation, entrepreneurial spirit and motivation, as well as government policies, contribute to a company’s likelihood of becoming BG. Originality/value: Recent research has shown interest in the development of explanatory models of BG firms that allow the study of how context and institutions affect the development of international business activities. Following an integrative and a multidisciplinary approach with a temporal dimension, this study expands the literature by comparing countries with different income levels and analyzing macroeconomic aspects along with certain characteristics of the entrepreneur and the environment as possible determinants. This study provides a better understanding of the prevalence of the BG business phenomenon by paying attention to country characteristics and how they affect the traits of individuals. 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